課程名稱 |
實體與本質討論 Seminar on Substance and Essence |
開課學期 |
102-2 |
授課對象 |
文學院 哲學研究所 |
授課教師 |
鄧敦民 |
課號 |
Phl7759 |
課程識別碼 |
124EM7340 |
班次 |
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學分 |
3 |
全/半年 |
半年 |
必/選修 |
選修 |
上課時間 |
星期四3,4,@(10:20~) |
上課地點 |
哲研討室二 |
備註 |
B領域。 總人數上限:15人 |
Ceiba 課程網頁 |
http://ceiba.ntu.edu.tw/1022essence |
課程簡介影片 |
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核心能力關聯 |
核心能力與課程規劃關聯圖 |
課程大綱
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課程概述 |
本課程將會研讀並討論分析形上學中關於實體與本質的重要文獻。課程將會分為四個單元,每個單元挑選四個主題,詳細研讀本質與實體概念的傳統及當代討論。在第一單元中,我們將從哲學史中關於實體概念的文獻著手,包含亞里斯多德、理性主義、經驗主義,以及康德。第二單元則檢視當代分析哲學中關於實體的理論,包括Wiggins透過個體化原理所提的分析,Lowe以及Hoffman and Rosenkrantz的兩種不同的獨立性判準的分析,以及Shoemaker透過因果所提出的康德式分析等。
課程的後半部將會集中在分析形上學中關於本質概念的各種分析。第三單元將會從Kripke與Putnam在70年代對本質主義的經典討論開始,並會討論Lewis用counterpart理論來處理跨世界等同以及本質的理論,與Forbes對來源本質主義的論証。在這些討論中一個共同的預設,是我們可以透過可能世界語意來給出關於本質概念的分析。最後一個單元將介紹一些不同於這立場的進路,包括Brody用branching time模型所給的分析,Wiggins透過個體化理論給出的論証,Kit Fine的反模態主義本質論,以及Ellis的科學本質主義等。
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課程目標 |
本課程之目標在使學生
(1) 對於實體概念在哲學史中的發展有基本之了解
(2) 對於關於實體性的幾個主要判準有基本的認識
(3) 對於如何透過可能世界(或不透過可能世界)來定義本質有些基本的了解
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課程要求 |
Each week, a paper in the selected topic will be discussed in the class. Each student is required to introduce at least one paper during the course and present his own comments on it. But all students are required to read the assigned paper in advance and submit three essays on the selected topics. |
預期每週課後學習時數 |
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Office Hours |
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指定閱讀 |
待補 |
參考書目 |
Selected readings
Hoffman, J. and Rosenkrantz, G.S., Substance among Other Categories, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Wiggins, D., ‘Substance’, in Philosophy 1: a Guide through the Subject, edited by A. C. Grayling, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Woolhouse, R.S., Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz: The Concept of Substance in Seventeenth-Century Metaphysics, London: Routledge, 1993.
Kripke, S., Naming and Necessity, Oxford: Blackwell, 1980.
Lowe, E. J., The Possibility of Metaphysics: Substance, Identity, and Time, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Shoemaker, S., ‘Identity, Properties, and Causality’, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 1979, 4: 321-342.
Putnam, H., ‘The Meaning of “Meaning”’, in Mind, Language and Reality: Philosophical Papers, Volume 2, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.
Lewis, D., ‘Counterparts or Double Lives’, in On the Plurality of Worlds, Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
Forbes, G., ‘Origins and Identities’, in Bottani, Carrara and Giaretta eds., Individuals, Essence and Identity, Kluwer, 2002.
Brody, B. A., Identity and Essence, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980.
Wiggins, D., Sameness and Substance, Oxford: Blackwell, 1980.
Fine, K., ‘Essence and Modality’, Philosophical Perspectives, 1994, 8: 1-16.
Bigelow, Ellis and Lierse, ‘The World as One of a Kind: Natural Necessity and Laws of Nature’, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1992, 43: 371-388.
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評量方式 (僅供參考) |
No. |
項目 |
百分比 |
說明 |
1. |
Presentations |
30% |
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2. |
First Paper |
10% |
Not more than 1000 words. Due 10 April |
3. |
Second Paper |
30% |
Not more than 2000 words. Due 22 May |
4. |
Final Paper |
30% |
Not more than 2000 words. Due 23 Jun |
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週次 |
日期 |
單元主題 |
第1週 |
2/20 |
Introduction |
第2週 |
2/27 |
Kripke's Essentialism |
第3週 |
3/06 |
Putnam's semantic externalism about natural kind terms |
第4週 |
3/13 |
Haecceity and quiddity (Issues concerning transworld identity) |
第5週 |
3/20 |
Substance, Sortals and Sortal essentialism |
第6週 |
3/27 |
Kit Fine's Neo-Aristotelian essentialism |
第7週 |
4/03 |
Study Break (No Class) |
第8週 |
4/10 |
Selected Topic (I) in recommended readings |
第9週 |
4/17 |
Selected Topic (II) in recommended readings |
第10週 |
4/24 |
Selected Topic (III) in recommended readings |
第11週 |
5/01 |
Selected Topic (IV) in recommended readings |
第12週 |
5/08 |
Selected Topic (V) in recommended readings |
第13週 |
5/15 |
Presentations |
第14週 |
5/22 |
Selected Topic (I) in recent discussions |
第15週 |
5/29 |
Selected Topic (II) in recent discussions |
第16週 |
6/05 |
Selected Topic (III) in recent discussions |
第17週 |
6/12 |
Selected Topic (IV) in recent discussions |
第18週 |
6/19 |
Presentations |
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