This is one of the mandatory courses for the graduate program of IONTU. This is an undergraduate-level course, thus is suitable for students without any background in marine geology and geophysics. The course will cover geological processes across scales, spanning plate tectonics, marine sediment types, formation and process, as well as paleoceanography. Some of the topics covered are across disciplines, such as sediment type (chemistry) and benthic bioturbation (biology), with emphasis on the link between different branches of oceanography.