The physics of solid states or condensed matter is a very important field in physics, materials science, and even chemistry. The subjects included concern both aspects of fundamentals and applications in modern physics and engineering. In particular, they become extremely crucial with the recent development of nanoscience and nanotechnology. This course is planned to highlight the crucial experimental phenomena and foundations as well as the basic concept for the understanding of the physics behind. The purpose of this course should be to establish the basic approach capability of the students with the general background for the further research or application in this field.