課程名稱 |
環境與職業流行病學之暴露評估計量模擬及應用 Exposure and Dose Metrics for Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology |
開課學期 |
109-2 |
授課對象 |
公共衛生學院 公共衛生學系 |
授課教師 |
李婉甄 |
課號 |
EOHS5010 |
課程識別碼 |
852EU0100 |
班次 |
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學分 |
2.0 |
全/半年 |
半年 |
必/選修 |
選修 |
上課時間 |
星期三6,7(13:20~15:10) |
上課地點 |
公衛208 |
備註 |
本課程以英語授課。 總人數上限:15人 |
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課程簡介影片 |
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核心能力關聯 |
核心能力與課程規劃關聯圖 |
課程大綱
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課程概述 |
空氣汙染的量測誤差會影響相關健康效應的評估,而誤差的來源包括暴露濃度在時序上的變異以及量測的計量方式。本課程將透過Excel試算表,針對可逆(reversible)、不可逆(irreversible)、等比例(proportional)及超過閾值而誘發(discrete)之四類健康效應,進行汙染物暴露濃度模擬,以了解暴露計量(exposure metrics) 包含之變異性,並探討暴露計量與體內劑量之關係,以及可能之誤差。建此基礎之上,本課程將引導學生應用上述模擬之結果及觀察,針對課程指定之文獻進行回顧及批判分析,提出該文獻暴露評估之限制,進一步於期末報告利用分組方式,結合暴露計量觀念提出可行之研究設計及解決方案。
Hazardous exposures are usually complex extended temporal processes leading to the development of biological responses, “damage/adverse responses/health effects”. A study intended to determine the quantitative relationship between exposure and risk of the effect requires a careful matching of the temporal variation in exposure with the kinetics of uptake, distribution and metabolism and matching those to the dynamics of response. However, bias and attenuation of the health risk estimate can be introduced when there is exposure error in air pollution measurement. Adequate exposure metrics may provide a means of reducing error (leading to less bias and uncertainty in health risk estimates) if they capture variability in exposure, which depends on the study design, health outcome, and pollutant of interest.
To enable this, the course will start from a review of the basic components of exposure assessment for air pollution and subsequently introduce exposure metrics for four types of health outcomes: different combination of reversible/irreversible and discrete/proportional outcomes. Students will develop knowledge of exposure determinants and its temporal behavior (variability), in conjunction with skills for modeling temporal behavior of exposures and outcomes through simulations using excel spreadsheets. Guided critical analysis of publications will be performed, and information from simulations will be used to design an exposure assessment matched to the biology of the adverse effect(s). In the finals, the class will culminate with a design project where small groups of students design a new study of a specific exposure and hypothesized effect(s) reported in a previously critiqued scientific paper. |
課程目標 |
本課程之整體目標在於培養學生根據流行病學中不同類型的健康效應,有能力判斷並使用正確、合適的暴露計量來探討汙染物及不良健康危害之因果關係。具體的目標包含以下四點:(1) 課程利用閱讀文獻、討論、批判思考之方式穩固學生暴露評估之基礎知識;(2) 學習如何使用暴露計量之模擬來探討暴露評估策略對前述四類健康效應之影響;(3) 利用前述學習之方法探討課程指定文獻中暴露計量與健康效應之關係,並指出暴露評估之限制;(4) 針對文獻中暴露評估之限制,於期末分組報告提出改良之研究設計。
The overall goal of this class is to develop the student’s ability to perform a biologically-based exposure assessment suited for testing an agent based hypothesis about a causal exposure-risk relationship in an epidemiological study.
The specific learning objectives are:
1. The student’s knowledge base of exposure characteristics and assessment methods, and their application will be broadened through presentations, readings, critiques, and discussions of exposure assessment for environmental and occupational epidemiology.
2. The students will be introduced to a temporal modeling approach for simulating environmental and occupational exposures (exposure metrics), formulating a model of a linked exposure and health effects process as the basis for designing an epidemiologic study, and they will apply this approach to four different types of disease outcomes.
3. The students will be able to apply the knowledge and use their analytical skills to critique the exposure assessments and linkage with the health outcomes in selected publications.
4. Given a previously critiqued publication with a limited exposure assessment, the students will develop an improved study design using the temporal model approach that will provide a better test of the epidemiologic exposure-risk hypothesis, and present that approach to the class. |
課程要求 |
課堂除了教師授課,亦採用討論及分組報告之方式進行。
The course sessions will include presentation on the topic of the day by the lecturer, and discussions of reading, review of homeworks, paper critiques, and other topics of interest. |
預期每週課後學習時數 |
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Office Hours |
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指定閱讀 |
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參考書目 |
1.Thomas Smith and David Kriebel, “A Biological Approach to Environmental
Assessment and Epidemiology,” Oxford University Press, 2010.
(Available at NTU library)
2.Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, "Exposure assessment in occupational and
environmental epidemiology," Second Edition. Oxford University Press, 2015.
(Available at NTU library) |
評量方式 (僅供參考) |
No. |
項目 |
百分比 |
說明 |
1. |
Midterm |
25% |
25% of the course grade. |
2. |
Class participation |
15% |
15% of the class grade for participation in discussions. |
3. |
Homeworks |
15% |
Total of three homeworks will be worth 15% of the course grade. |
4. |
Paper critiques |
15% |
Each critique will be worth 5%; and all of the critiques will be worth 15% of the course grade. |
5. |
Class research design project |
30% |
This will be worth 30% of the class grade. |
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週次 |
日期 |
單元主題 |
第1週 |
3/04 |
(1) Introduction to nature of exposure and its assessment in epidemiology
(2) Review of course organization and schedule |
第2週 |
3/11 |
Exposure characterization – strategies for quantitative measurements and practical issues (I) |
第3週 |
3/18 |
Exposure characterization – strategies for quantitative measurements and practical issues (II) |
第4週 |
3/25 |
Exposure characterization – strategies for quantitative measurements and practical issues (III) |
第5週 |
4/01 |
Applications of exposure assessment in epidemiology (I) |
第6週 |
4/08 |
Personal exposure-tissue Conc. relationship & biomarkers |
第7週 |
4/15 |
Disease process models + HW1 |
第8週 |
4/22 |
Midterm |
第9週 |
4/29 |
(1)Review of midterm exam
(2)HW1 in-class discussion
(3) Exposure and dose metrics: approaches for epidemiologic studies (II) + HW2 |
第10週 |
5/06 |
(1) HW2 in-class discussion
(2) Exposure and dose metrics: approaches for epidemiologic studies (III) + HW3 |
第11週 |
5/13 |
(1) HW3 in-class discussion
(2) Research design & critique |
第12週 |
5/20 |
Paper critique 1
(Presentation on application of modelling by instructor, if time permitted) |
第13週 |
5/27 |
(1) Paper critique 2
(2) Elevator speech |
第14週 |
6/03 |
(1) Paper critique 3
(2) Model public hearing prep. |
第15週 |
6/10 |
1. Model Public Hearing
2. Project Preparation |
第16週 |
6/17 |
Project Presentation |
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